地下室滲漏主要存在于施工縫、伸縮縫、后澆帶、外墻等部位，主要是這些部位處理不好而產(chǎn)生的滲漏。施工縫澆筑砼前按常規(guī)方法處理，把表面鑿毛，止水鋼板清理干凈，澆水濕潤(rùn)，澆筑時(shí)先用同強(qiáng)度等級(jí)石子砂漿接漿，保證施工縫接觸良好。地下室是承受房屋全部荷載并將荷載傳遞到土層上去的承重基礎(chǔ)部分，對(duì)房屋的安全和使用年限具有重要意義，而且地下室本身也有著很重要的使用功能。隨著我國(guó)建筑技術(shù)的發(fā)展，地下防水技術(shù)也取得了令人矚目的成就，用于地下防水工程的材料己從少數(shù)品種發(fā)展為多類(lèi)型，多系列的格局，地下室防水構(gòu)造也由過(guò)去的單一型式發(fā)展為當(dāng)前的材料防水與構(gòu)造防水相結(jié)合，剛?cè)岵牧舷嘟Y(jié)合等新的形式。
1、地下室防水第一要做到的結(jié)構(gòu)自防水，就是地下室混凝土防水等級(jí)要達(dá)到一定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，比如混凝土抗?jié)B等級(jí)大于P8，地下室混凝土底板的防水需要做剛性和柔性多道防水。
Basement Waterproofing first to do structural waterproof, waterproof concrete basement is to achieve a certain level of standards, such as concrete impermeability grade greater than P8, waterproof basement concrete floor needs to be done rigid and flexible multi-channel waterproof.
2、地下室裸露頂板的防水，地下室頂板混凝土澆筑完成后，做30mm厚c25以上細(xì)石混凝土內(nèi)摻水泥用量10%抗?jié)B微晶防水劑進(jìn)行找平，再做911聚氨酯防水涂料一道，再做4mm厚SBS卷材一道，再在卷材上面做混凝土保護(hù)層，再在上面鋪設(shè)地磚的裝飾層。如不做地磚等裝飾層，SBS卷材裸露，上面就不做任何東西了。
Exposed roof waterproofing basement, basement ceiling after concrete pouring is complete, do the 30mm thick concrete mixed with fine stone c25 above 10% impermeability microcrystalline cement waterproofing agent for leveling, do a 911 polyurethane waterproof coating, do 4mm thick SBS Volume material one, and then do the above in the web of concrete protective layer, and then laying floor tiles on top decorative layer. As do floor tiles and other decorative layer, SBS membrane exposed above do not do anything.
3、地下室頂部開(kāi)裂滲漏水屬于典型的結(jié)構(gòu)型滲漏水。可采用“鋼柔相濟(jì)，多道設(shè)防”的治理方法，即采用嵌填彈性密封材料與鋼性防水材料相結(jié)合，最大限度地利用這些材料的特長(zhǎng)，形成復(fù)合防水層，使已修補(bǔ)的裂縫不再受沉降變形等因素的影響而再度開(kāi)裂滲漏。使用機(jī)械灌漿的方法，利用灌漿材料遇水高度膨脹的原理，使原來(lái)疏松的水泥結(jié)構(gòu)組織變得密實(shí)，從而阻止地下水的滲入。達(dá)到防水防滲的效果。
Cracking the top of basement water leakage is a typical structural leakage of water. Can be "soft steel with mercy, multi-channel fortified" governance approach, which uses elastic sealing material filling them with steel waterproof material combined expertise to maximize the use of these materials to form a composite waterproof layer, so that the cracks have been patched no longer affected by factors such as settlement deformation and cracking leaking again. Mechanical grouting method using water filling material highly inflated principle, the original loose cement structure becomes dense tissue, thereby preventing groundwater infiltration. Achieve the effect of water seepage.
3、改性環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂灌漿液是用某種普通環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂為改性主劑，采用高科技手段，在該樹(shù)脂的部分端基嫁接親水性基團(tuán)，使普通環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂形成一種具有親水性和親油性的新型樹(shù)脂，用這種兩性樹(shù)脂配以增塑劑、促進(jìn)劑、固化劑等配制而成的一種高強(qiáng)度的、能在有水混凝土裂縫進(jìn)行補(bǔ)強(qiáng)化學(xué)灌漿的新材料。
Modified epoxy grout is of a general epoxy resin as the main agent modifying, using high-tech means, in the portion of the end groups of the resin grafted hydrophilic groups, so that ordinary epoxy resin having an affinity aqueous and lipophilic new resin, with this gender resin with plasticizer, accelerator, curing agent prepared from a high-strength, water can be reinforced concrete crack new chemical grouting material.
4、地下室墻板混凝土澆筑完成后在墻板外側(cè)做APP卷材或SBS卷材或911聚氨酯防水涂料（3種防水材料選一種即可），地下室墻板外側(cè)防水完成后，用聚苯板保護(hù)回填土，那樣就算地下室墻板外側(cè)防水完成了。
After the completion of the concrete pouring basement wall on the outside wall doing APP or SBS membrane or membrane 911 polyurethane waterproof coating (three kinds of waterproof material to choose one), after the completion of basement waterproofing the outside wall, backfill with polystyrene board protection soil, so even if the outside of the basement wall waterproofing is complete.
